weka.classifiers.meta

## Class RegressionByDiscretization

- java.lang.Object
- - weka.classifiers.AbstractClassifier
  - - weka.classifiers.SingleClassifierEnhancer
    - - weka.classifiers.meta.RegressionByDiscretization

- All Implemented Interfaces:
    java.io.Serializable, java.lang.Cloneable, Classifier, ConditionalDensityEstimator, IntervalEstimator, CapabilitiesHandler, CapabilitiesIgnorer, OptionHandler, RevisionHandler

      public class RegressionByDiscretization
      extends SingleClassifierEnhancer
      implements IntervalEstimator, ConditionalDensityEstimator

  A regression scheme that employs any classifier on a copy of the data that has the class attribute (equal-width) discretized. The predicted value is the expected value of the mean class value for each discretized interval (based on the predicted probabilities for each interval).

  Valid options are:

       -B <int>
        Number of bins for equal-width discretization
        (default 10).

       -E
        Whether to delete empty bins after discretization
        (default false).

       -F
        Use equal-frequency instead of equal-width discretization.

       -D
        If set, classifier is run in debug mode and
        may output additional info to the console

       -W
        Full name of base classifier.
        (default: weka.classifiers.trees.J48)

       Options specific to classifier weka.classifiers.trees.J48:

       -U
        Use unpruned tree.

       -C <pruning confidence>
        Set confidence threshold for pruning.
        (default 0.25)

       -M <minimum number of instances>
        Set minimum number of instances per leaf.
        (default 2)

       -R
        Use reduced error pruning.

       -N <number of folds>
        Set number of folds for reduced error
        pruning. One fold is used as pruning set.
        (default 3)

       -B
        Use binary splits only.

       -S
        Don't perform subtree raising.

       -L
        Do not clean up after the tree has been built.

       -A
        Laplace smoothing for predicted probabilities.

       -Q <seed>
        Seed for random data shuffling (default 1).

  Version:
    $Revision: 11326 $
  Author:
    Len Trigg (trigg@cs.waikato.ac.nz), Eibe Frank (eibe@cs.waikato.ac.nz)
  See Also:
    Serialized Form

- - ### Constructor Summary

    Constructors
    Constructor and Description
    `RegressionByDiscretization()` Default constructor.

  - ### Method Summary

    Methods
    Modifier and Type | Method and Description
    --- | ---
    `void` | `buildClassifier(Instances instances)` Generates the classifier.
    `double` | `classifyInstance(Instance instance)` Returns a predicted class for the test instance.
    `java.lang.String` | `deleteEmptyBinsTipText()` Returns the tip text for this property
    `java.lang.String` | `estimatorTipText()` Returns the tip text for this property
    `Capabilities` | `getCapabilities()` Returns default capabilities of the classifier.
    `boolean` | `getDeleteEmptyBins()` Gets whether empty bins are deleted.
    `UnivariateDensityEstimator` | `getEstimator()` Get the estimator
    `boolean` | `getMinimizeAbsoluteError()` Gets whether to min.
    `int` | `getNumBins()` Gets the number of bins numeric attributes will be divided into
    `java.lang.String[]` | `getOptions()` Gets the current settings of the Classifier.
    `java.lang.String` | `getRevision()` Returns the revision string.
    `TechnicalInformation` | `getTechnicalInformation()` Returns an instance of a TechnicalInformation object, containing detailed information about the technical background of this class, e.g., paper reference or book this class is based on.
    `boolean` | `getUseEqualFrequency()` Get the value of UseEqualFrequency.
    `java.lang.String` | `globalInfo()` Returns a string describing classifier
    `java.util.Enumeration<Option>` | `listOptions()` Returns an enumeration describing the available options.
    `double` | `logDensity(Instance instance, double value)` Returns natural logarithm of density estimate for given value based on given instance.
    `static void` | `main(java.lang.String[] argv)` Main method for testing this class.
    `java.lang.String` | `minimizeAbsoluteErrorTipText()` Returns the tip text for this property
    `java.lang.String` | `numBinsTipText()` Returns the tip text for this property
    `double[][]` | `predictIntervals(Instance instance, double confidenceLevel)` Returns an N * 2 array, where N is the number of prediction intervals.
    `void` | `setDeleteEmptyBins(boolean b)` Sets whether to delete empty bins.
    `void` | `setEstimator(UnivariateDensityEstimator estimator)` Set the estimator
    `void` | `setMinimizeAbsoluteError(boolean b)` Sets whether to min.
    `void` | `setNumBins(int numBins)` Sets the number of bins to divide each selected numeric attribute into
    `void` | `setOptions(java.lang.String[] options)` Parses a given list of options.
    `void` | `setUseEqualFrequency(boolean newUseEqualFrequency)` Set the value of UseEqualFrequency.
    `java.lang.String` | `toString()` Returns a description of the classifier.
    `java.lang.String` | `useEqualFrequencyTipText()` Returns the tip text for this property

    - ### Methods inherited from class weka.classifiers.SingleClassifierEnhancer

      `classifierTipText, getClassifier, setClassifier`

    - ### Methods inherited from class weka.classifiers.AbstractClassifier

      `debugTipText, distributionForInstance, doNotCheckCapabilitiesTipText, forName, getDebug, getDoNotCheckCapabilities, makeCopies, makeCopy, runClassifier, setDebug, setDoNotCheckCapabilities`

    - ### Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object

      `equals, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, wait, wait, wait`

- - ### Constructor Detail

    - #### RegressionByDiscretization

          public RegressionByDiscretization()

      Default constructor.

  - ### Method Detail

    - #### globalInfo

          public java.lang.String globalInfo()

      Returns a string describing classifier
      Returns:
        a description suitable for displaying in the explorer/experimenter gui

    - #### getTechnicalInformation

          public TechnicalInformation getTechnicalInformation()

      Returns an instance of a TechnicalInformation object, containing detailed information about the technical background of this class, e.g., paper reference or book this class is based on.
      Returns:
        the technical information about this class

    - #### getCapabilities

          public Capabilities getCapabilities()

      Returns default capabilities of the classifier.
      Specified by:
        `getCapabilities` in interface `Classifier`
      Specified by:
        `getCapabilities` in interface `CapabilitiesHandler`
      Overrides:
        `getCapabilities` in class `SingleClassifierEnhancer`
      Returns:
        the capabilities of this classifier
      See Also:
        `Capabilities`

    - #### buildClassifier

          public void buildClassifier(Instances instances)
                               throws java.lang.Exception

      Generates the classifier.
      Specified by:
        `buildClassifier` in interface `Classifier`
      Parameters:
        `instances` - set of instances serving as training data
      Throws:
        `java.lang.Exception` - if the classifier has not been generated successfully

    - #### predictIntervals

          public double[][] predictIntervals(Instance instance,
                                    double confidenceLevel)
                                      throws java.lang.Exception

      Returns an N * 2 array, where N is the number of prediction intervals. In each row, the first element contains the lower boundary of the corresponding prediction interval and the second element the upper boundary.
      Specified by:
        `predictIntervals` in interface `IntervalEstimator`
      Parameters:
        `inst` - the instance to make the prediction for.
        `confidenceLevel` - the percentage of cases that the interval should cover.
      Returns:
        an array of prediction intervals
      Throws:
        `java.lang.Exception` - if the intervals can't be computed

    - #### logDensity

          public double logDensity(Instance instance,
                          double value)
                            throws java.lang.Exception

      Returns natural logarithm of density estimate for given value based on given instance.
      Specified by:
        `logDensity` in interface `ConditionalDensityEstimator`
      Parameters:
        `inst` - the instance to make the prediction for.
        `the` - value to make the prediction for.
      Returns:
        the natural logarithm of the density estimate
      Throws:
        `java.lang.Exception` - if the intervals can't be computed

    - #### classifyInstance

          public double classifyInstance(Instance instance)
                                  throws java.lang.Exception

      Returns a predicted class for the test instance.
      Specified by:
        `classifyInstance` in interface `Classifier`
      Overrides:
        `classifyInstance` in class `AbstractClassifier`
      Parameters:
        `instance` - the instance to be classified
      Returns:
        predicted class value
      Throws:
        `java.lang.Exception` - if the prediction couldn't be made

    - #### listOptions

          public java.util.Enumeration<Option> listOptions()

      Returns an enumeration describing the available options.
      Specified by:
        `listOptions` in interface `OptionHandler`
      Overrides:
        `listOptions` in class `SingleClassifierEnhancer`
      Returns:
        an enumeration of all the available options.

    - #### setOptions

          public void setOptions(java.lang.String[] options)
                          throws java.lang.Exception

      Parses a given list of options.

      Specified by:
        `setOptions` in interface `OptionHandler`
      Overrides:
        `setOptions` in class `SingleClassifierEnhancer`
      Parameters:
        `options` - the list of options as an array of strings
      Throws:
        `java.lang.Exception` - if an option is not supported

    - #### getOptions

          public java.lang.String[] getOptions()

      Gets the current settings of the Classifier.
      Specified by:
        `getOptions` in interface `OptionHandler`
      Overrides:
        `getOptions` in class `SingleClassifierEnhancer`
      Returns:
        an array of strings suitable for passing to setOptions

    - #### numBinsTipText

          public java.lang.String numBinsTipText()

      Returns the tip text for this property
      Returns:
        tip text for this property suitable for displaying in the explorer/experimenter gui

    - #### getNumBins

          public int getNumBins()

      Gets the number of bins numeric attributes will be divided into
      Returns:
        the number of bins.

    - #### setNumBins

          public void setNumBins(int numBins)

      Sets the number of bins to divide each selected numeric attribute into
      Parameters:
        `numBins` - the number of bins

    - #### deleteEmptyBinsTipText

          public java.lang.String deleteEmptyBinsTipText()

      Returns the tip text for this property
      Returns:
        tip text for this property suitable for displaying in the explorer/experimenter gui

    - #### getDeleteEmptyBins

          public boolean getDeleteEmptyBins()

      Gets whether empty bins are deleted.
      Returns:
        true if empty bins get deleted.

    - #### setDeleteEmptyBins

          public void setDeleteEmptyBins(boolean b)

      Sets whether to delete empty bins.
      Parameters:
        `b` - if true, empty bins will be deleted

    - #### minimizeAbsoluteErrorTipText

          public java.lang.String minimizeAbsoluteErrorTipText()

      Returns the tip text for this property
      Returns:
        tip text for this property suitable for displaying in the explorer/experimenter gui

    - #### getMinimizeAbsoluteError

          public boolean getMinimizeAbsoluteError()

      Gets whether to min. abs. error
      Returns:
        true if abs. err. is to be minimized

    - #### setMinimizeAbsoluteError

          public void setMinimizeAbsoluteError(boolean b)

      Sets whether to min. abs. error.
      Parameters:
        `b` - if true, abs. err. is minimized

    - #### useEqualFrequencyTipText

          public java.lang.String useEqualFrequencyTipText()

      Returns the tip text for this property
      Returns:
        tip text for this property suitable for displaying in the explorer/experimenter gui

    - #### getUseEqualFrequency

          public boolean getUseEqualFrequency()

      Get the value of UseEqualFrequency.
      Returns:
        Value of UseEqualFrequency.

    - #### setUseEqualFrequency

          public void setUseEqualFrequency(boolean newUseEqualFrequency)

      Set the value of UseEqualFrequency.
      Parameters:
        `newUseEqualFrequency` - Value to assign to UseEqualFrequency.

    - #### estimatorTipText

          public java.lang.String estimatorTipText()

      Returns the tip text for this property
      Returns:
        tip text for this property suitable for displaying in the explorer/experimenter gui

    - #### getEstimator

          public UnivariateDensityEstimator getEstimator()

      Get the estimator
      Returns:
        the estimator

    - #### setEstimator

          public void setEstimator(UnivariateDensityEstimator estimator)

      Set the estimator
      Parameters:
        `newEstimator` - the estimator to use

    - #### toString

          public java.lang.String toString()

      Returns a description of the classifier.
      Overrides:
        `toString` in class `java.lang.Object`
      Returns:
        a description of the classifier as a string.

    - #### getRevision

          public java.lang.String getRevision()

      Returns the revision string.
      Specified by:
        `getRevision` in interface `RevisionHandler`
      Overrides:
        `getRevision` in class `AbstractClassifier`
      Returns:
        the revision

    - #### main

          public static void main(java.lang.String[] argv)

      Main method for testing this class.
      Parameters:
        `argv` - the options